{"id":8757,"date":"2025-07-25T10:46:55","date_gmt":"2025-07-25T08:46:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/observatoire-hexagone.org\/?p=8757"},"modified":"2025-08-11T11:05:08","modified_gmt":"2025-08-11T09:05:08","slug":"wikipedia-doctissimo-face-a-lia-leffondrement-de-certains-sites-de-premier-plan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/observatoire-hexagone.org\/index.php\/2025\/07\/25\/wikipedia-doctissimo-face-a-lia-leffondrement-de-certains-sites-de-premier-plan\/","title":{"rendered":"Wikipedia, Doctissimo&#8230; Face \u00e0 l\u2019IA, l\u2019effondrement de certains sites de premier plan\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Le lancement de ChatGPT en novembre 2022 marque un tournant dans notre rapport \u00e0 l&#8217;information. En quelques mois, les outils d\u2019intelligence artificielle, pas seulement ChatGPT, ont transform\u00e9 les usages num\u00e9riques du quotidien, en s\u2019imposant comme des assistants capables de r\u00e9pondre imm\u00e9diatement \u00e0 des besoins jusqu\u2019alors combl\u00e9s par des moteurs de recherche comme Google et une diversit\u00e9 de sites web dits \u00ab utilitaires \u00bb (encyclop\u00e9dies, dictionnaires, forums, recettes, etc.). Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 une analyse in\u00e9dite des recherches Google, Hexagone montre clairement une baisse spectaculaire des recherches vers certains sites, r\u00e9v\u00e9lant une mutation profonde du paysage num\u00e9rique.<\/em>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-green-cyan-color\">L\u2019IA remplace les parcours traditionnels de recherche et marque l\u2019effacement des sites \u00ab\u202futilitaires\u202f\u00bb\u00a0<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jusqu\u2019alors, chercher une information en ligne signifiait passer par un moteur de recherche, suivre un ou plusieurs liens, comparer des sources, choisir celle qui semblait la plus adapt\u00e9e aux circonstances, et lire des articles. ChatGPT et ses \u00e9quivalents bouleversent cette logique : l&#8217;utilisateur peut d\u00e9sormais poser directement une question et obtenir une r\u00e9ponse synth\u00e9tique mais directe. Il n\u2019a plus besoin d&#8217;effectuer ce travail de confrontation des sources. Cela r\u00e9duit le besoin de consulter plusieurs sites sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9s, comme Doctissimo pour la sant\u00e9, Marmiton pour les recettes ou Reverso pour les traductions.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"820\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/observatoire-hexagone.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-5-820x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8758\" srcset=\"https:\/\/observatoire-hexagone.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-5-820x1024.png 820w, https:\/\/observatoire-hexagone.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-5-240x300.png 240w, https:\/\/observatoire-hexagone.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-5-768x959.png 768w, https:\/\/observatoire-hexagone.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-5.png 1090w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 820px) 100vw, 820px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cette automatisation de la r\u00e9ponse affecte directement le trafic des sites utilitaires. Ainsi, depuis le lancement de ChatGPT, l\u2019indice de recherche \u00e9valu\u00e9 via Google Trends pour des sites comme Linguee ou Marmiton a \u00e9t\u00e9 divis\u00e9 par deux. M\u00eame Wikipedia a vu sa marque recherch\u00e9e 60 % de moins.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u2019IA absorbe des usages autrefois r\u00e9partis entre des plateformes sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9es, en les rendant accessibles via une seule interface. Cela remet en question la viabilit\u00e9 du mod\u00e8le \u00e9conomique de ces sites, fond\u00e9 sur le trafic issu des moteurs de recherche. La question qui est soulev\u00e9e est donc celle de savoir qui alimentera en contenus et informations les sites actuellement utilis\u00e9es par ChatGPT pour nous fournir ses r\u00e9ponses.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-green-cyan-color\">Le mod\u00e8le du moteur de recherche classique s\u2019effrite pour laisser place \u00e0 des informations plus directes mais aussi moins nombreuses\u00a0<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Google lui-m\u00eame a entam\u00e9 une transformation avec son projet d\u2019IA g\u00e9n\u00e9rative int\u00e9gr\u00e9e (Search Generative Experience), signe que le mod\u00e8le traditionnel du moteur de recherche fond\u00e9 sur les liens bleus et le r\u00e9f\u00e9rencement est en d\u00e9clin. Les internautes attendent d\u00e9sormais des r\u00e9ponses, pas des pages.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cette mutation pose un enjeu crucial : si les IA s\u2019imposent comme interm\u00e9diaires uniques, elles concentrent le pouvoir d\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l\u2019information. Cela pourrait conduire \u00e0 un web moins ouvert, o\u00f9 les sources deviennent invisibles et o\u00f9 la transparence de l\u2019information est affaiblie.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-green-cyan-color\">L\u2019essor des intelligences artificielles ne remet toutefois pas en cause la sup\u00e9riorit\u00e9 des sites institutionnels en mati\u00e8re de fiabilit\u00e9\u00a0<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hexagone s\u2019est \u00e9galement pench\u00e9 sur l\u2019\u00e9volution de la fr\u00e9quence des recherches vers les sites institutionnels, tels que ceux de l\u2019INSEE, de la Cour des comptes ou encore de L\u00e9gifrance. On observe que les utilisateurs conservent le r\u00e9flexe de consulter directement les sources publiques pour acc\u00e9der \u00e0 certaines informations. Ainsi, la fr\u00e9quentation de ces sites progresse parfois depuis le lancement de ChatGPT, en particulier celle de la Cour des comptes et de l\u2019INSEE, comme un r\u00e9flexe visant \u00e0 v\u00e9rifier la fiabilit\u00e9 des donn\u00e9es.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"820\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/observatoire-hexagone.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-6-820x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-8759\" srcset=\"https:\/\/observatoire-hexagone.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-6-820x1024.png 820w, https:\/\/observatoire-hexagone.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-6-240x300.png 240w, https:\/\/observatoire-hexagone.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-6-768x959.png 768w, https:\/\/observatoire-hexagone.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/image-6.png 1153w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 820px) 100vw, 820px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u2019intelligence artificielle ne modifie pas seulement nos outils : elle transforme en profondeur nos fa\u00e7ons de chercher, d\u2019apprendre et d\u2019interagir avec le savoir en ligne. Ces mutations ne concernent d\u2019ailleurs pas seulement les IA, mais aussi les r\u00e9seaux sociaux qui deviennent des moteurs de recherche \u00e0 part enti\u00e8re, qui peuvent expliquer aussi les baisses de fr\u00e9quentations sur les sites \u00ab\u202futilitaires\u202f\u00bb classiques. Le d\u00e9fi des ann\u00e9es \u00e0 venir sera de pr\u00e9server la diversit\u00e9 et la qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019information dans ce nouvel \u00e9cosyst\u00e8me centr\u00e9 sur les r\u00e9ponses instantan\u00e9es.&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le lancement de ChatGPT en novembre 2022 marque un tournant dans notre rapport \u00e0 l&#8217;information. En quelques mois, les outils d\u2019intelligence artificielle, pas seulement ChatGPT, ont transform\u00e9 les usages num\u00e9riques du quotidien, en s\u2019imposant comme des assistants capables de r\u00e9pondre imm\u00e9diatement \u00e0 des besoins jusqu\u2019alors combl\u00e9s par des moteurs de recherche comme Google et une [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":8760,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[49],"class_list":["post-8757","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-economie","tag-post"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Wikipedia, Doctissimo... 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